It is an insightful observation, and I am glad you paused over it rather than dismissing it. At first it does sound strange, because we instinctively think, “If the flesh produces hatred, then surely it must also be capable of producing love.” But when we let Scripture define its own terms, something remarkable emerges.
🌱 The Flesh Can Imitate Love, But It Cannot Produce God’s Love
When Paul contrasts the flesh and the Spirit in Galatians, he does something very interesting.
He writes:
“Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness, idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, dissensions, heresies, envy, murders, drunkenness, revelries, and the like…”
“But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control.” (Galatians 5:19–23)
Notice that Paul does not say:
- “The work of the flesh is hate, but the work of the Spirit is love.”
Instead, he says:
- the works of the flesh,
- the fruit of the Spirit.
That distinction is not accidental.
The flesh is productive. It can manufacture many things. It is busy, active, inventive. But when Paul comes to love, he no longer speaks of human production. Love is fruit—not manufacture.
Fruit grows because of the life flowing through the tree.
Jesus used exactly the same imagery.
“Abide in Me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in Me… for without Me you can do nothing.” (John 15:4–5)
Love is therefore not first an achievement but the evidence that divine life is present.
❤️ The Flesh Certainly Loves… But What Kind of Love?
Someone may object,
“But unbelievers love their children.”
Absolutely.
Jesus Himself acknowledged this.
“If you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children…” (Matthew 7:11)
Human beings, even fallen ones, still bear God’s image (Genesis 1:26–27; James 3:9). That image is marred by sin but not erased. Because of God’s common grace, people can display real affection, loyalty, sacrifice, friendship, and compassion.
Those are genuine human goods.
Yet Scripture also teaches that there is a kind of love that has a completely different source.
Paul says,
“The love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us.” (Romans 5:5)
Notice carefully.
He does not merely say we discover it.
He says it is poured into us.
Its origin is God.
Likewise,
“Beloved, let us love one another, for love is of God… He who does not love does not know God, for God is love.” (1 John 4:7–8)
John grounds Christian love not in personality or moral effort but in God’s own nature.
🌿 Why Isn’t Love Listed as a Work of the Flesh?
Because biblical love (agapē) is fundamentally self-giving.
It seeks another’s good regardless of cost.
Paul describes it beautifully:
“Love suffers long and is kind… does not seek its own… bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.” (1 Corinthians 13:4–7)
Now compare that with Paul’s description of fallen humanity.
“For all seek their own, not the things which are of Christ Jesus.” (Philippians 2:21)
Or:
“For men will be lovers of themselves…” (2 Timothy 3:2)
The flesh curves inward.
Love reaches outward.
That is why the two ultimately move in opposite directions.
✨ Even Our Best Love Needs Redemption
One of the humbling truths of Scripture is that even the noblest human love is often mixed.
We love…
- because someone is lovable.
- because they love us first.
- because they belong to us.
- because they make us happy.
- because they fulfill us.
None of these are necessarily sinful.
But God’s love goes much deeper.
Paul writes,
“God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.” (Romans 5:8)
And Jesus says,
“Love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you…” (Matthew 5:44)
Then He asks a penetrating question:
“For if you love those who love you, what reward have you? Do not even the tax collectors do the same?” (Matthew 5:46)
In other words, natural affection loves what is attractive.
Divine love creates what it delights in.
God loved us not because we were beautiful, but to make us beautiful (Ephesians 5:25–27).
🌳 This Explains Why Love Is the First Fruit
Paul intentionally places love first in the list.
“The fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace…” (Galatians 5:22)
Many theologians have observed that the remaining qualities can almost be seen as expressions flowing from love.
Love rejoices.
Love is patient.
Love is kind.
Love is gentle.
Love exercises self-control for another’s good.
This also harmonizes with Jesus’ summary of the Law:
“‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind.’ This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.” (Matthew 22:37–40)
That last statement is astonishing.
Jesus does not say that love is one commandment among many. He says everything else hangs from it.
Imagine a door hanging on its hinges. Remove the hinges, and the entire door collapses. In the same way, remove love, and every commandment loses its proper meaning.
Paul reaches the very same conclusion.
“He who loves another has fulfilled the law… Love does no harm to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.” (Romans 13:8–10)
Likewise,
“For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'” (Galatians 5:14)
Notice the progression.
The Law commands love.
The Spirit produces love.
Therefore the Spirit fulfills what the Law requires.
This is exactly what God promised centuries earlier.
🌿 The New Covenant Solves the Old Problem
Through the prophet Ezekiel, God declared:
“I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you… I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will keep My judgments and do them.” (Ezekiel 36:26–27)
Notice the order.
God does not say,
“Obey first, and then I’ll give you a new heart.”
Rather,
- God gives a new heart.
- God gives His Spirit.
- The Spirit causes obedience.
Jeremiah says the same thing:
“I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts.” (Jeremiah 31:33)
The Law was never defective.
Paul says plainly:
“Therefore the law is holy, and the commandment holy and just and good.” (Romans 7:12)
The problem was never the Law.
The problem was the heart.
As Paul explains,
“For what the law could not do in that it was weak through the flesh, God did by sending His own Son…” (Romans 8:3)
Notice his wording carefully.
The Law was not weak in itself.
It was weak through the flesh.
It could reveal righteousness.
It could command righteousness.
It could never create righteousness.
Only the Spirit can.
❤️ Love Is the Fulfillment, Not the Replacement, of the Law
Sometimes people hear “love fulfills the Law” and conclude that love replaces God’s commandments.
Scripture never says that.
Instead, love gives the commandments their true life.
Think about several examples.
The command,
“You shall not murder.” (Exodus 20:13)
Love doesn’t merely refrain from killing.
Love protects life.
The command,
“You shall not steal.” (Exodus 20:15)
Love doesn’t merely avoid theft.
Love becomes generous.
The command,
“You shall not bear false witness.” (Exodus 20:16)
Love doesn’t merely avoid lying.
Love speaks truth that builds others up (Ephesians 4:15, 29).
The Law often describes the boundaries.
Love fills those boundaries with the character of God.
This explains why Jesus deepened the commandments rather than relaxing them.
He said,
“You have heard that it was said… ‘You shall not murder’… But I say to you that whoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment.” (Matthew 5:21–22)
And again,
“You have heard… ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ But I say to you that whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.” (Matthew 5:27–28)
Jesus wasn’t making the Law harder.
He was revealing that God’s concern has always been the heart from which actions flow.
Love fulfills the command because love transforms the source.
🌺 Love Is More Than an Emotion
This is another reason Paul calls it fruit.
Fruit is organic.
Fruit is living.
Fruit develops.
The New Testament rarely treats love as primarily a feeling.
Rather, it is a disposition that expresses itself in action.
John writes:
“My little children, let us not love in word or in tongue, but in deed and in truth.” (1 John 3:18)
And Jesus says,
“Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one’s life for his friends.” (John 15:13)
Love is not measured first by intensity of emotion but by the willingness to give oneself.
This is why Christ on the cross is the fullest revelation of love.
Not because He felt warm affection for His executioners, but because He gave Himself for them.
“Walk in love, as Christ also has loved us and given Himself for us…” (Ephesians 5:2)
Love is therefore cruciform.
It takes the shape of the Cross.
✨ An Unexpected Insight
Here is something that has become increasingly beautiful to me as I have reflected on these passages.
Paul never commands us to manufacture the fruit.
He tells us to walk by the Spirit.
“Walk in the Spirit, and you shall not fulfill the lust of the flesh.” (Galatians 5:16)
Notice what he does not say.
He does not say,
“Try harder to produce love.”
Nor,
“Concentrate on becoming more patient.”
Instead, he directs our attention to the Person of the Holy Spirit.
Why?
Because fruit grows almost unnoticed.
A healthy apple tree does not wake up every morning trying to squeeze apples out of its branches.
It simply remains rooted, receives life, sunlight, and water, and fruit appears in season.
The Christian life has the same rhythm.
Our attention is directed not first toward producing virtues, but toward abiding in Christ (John 15:4–5), setting our minds on the things of the Spirit (Romans 8:5–6), beholding the glory of the Lord (2 Corinthians 3:18), and walking by the Spirit (Galatians 5:16).
The fruit follows.
🙏 A Final Thought
Perhaps this is why Paul never says,
“Become more loving by your own determination.”
Instead, he says,
“The love of Christ compels us…” (2 Corinthians 5:14)
Notice the direction.
Love is first received.
Then it is reflected.
John expresses the same truth in one unforgettable sentence:
“We love Him because He first loved us.” (1 John 4:19)
That little word “because” carries immense theological weight.
It tells us that all genuine Christian love is responsive before it is active.
We do not originate the stream; we enter it.
The Father has eternally loved the Son (John 17:24). The Son has revealed that love to the world (John 15:9; John 17:26). The Holy Spirit pours that same love into our hearts (Romans 5:5). Then, as branches united to the true Vine (John 15:1–5), that divine love begins to bear fruit in us.
In that sense, the fruit of the Spirit is not merely a list of virtues. It is the very life and character of the triune God becoming visible in redeemed human beings. Love stands first because God Himself is love (1 John 4:8, 16). Everything else in the list is, in one way or another, the beautiful fragrance of that love as it blossoms in a life abiding in Christ.