π€ Dignity and Usefulness Are Answering Two Different Questions
Yes. This distinction deserves much more precision, because I was not contrasting dignity and usefulness as though usefulness were somehow degrading.
Being useful is good. Scripture repeatedly speaks positively about fruitfulness, service, work, gifts, stewardship, and even being “useful to the Master” (2 Timothy 2:21).
The contrast I meant was this:
Usefulness asks: “What can this person do?”
Dignity asks: “What is this person?”
Those questions overlap in life, but they cannot be collapsed into one another.
π οΈ Usefulness Is Related to Capacity and Purpose
When we call something useful, we normally have some purpose in view.
A hammer is useful for driving a nail.
A physician is useful for treating illness.
A teacher is useful for teaching.
John the Baptist was extraordinarily useful for preparing Israel for the Messiah (Luke 1:16β17; John 1:31).
Usefulness therefore involves some relationship between an ability and an end.
And human usefulness can genuinely increase and decrease.
A person can learn a skill and become more useful in a particular task. Someone can become too exhausted to perform it. Someone else may perform it better. Age, illness, circumstance, knowledge, opportunity, and ability can radically change what someone is presently capable of contributing.
There is nothing insulting about acknowledging that.
Paul himself says:
“If anyone cleanses himself from the latter, he will be a vessel for honor, sanctified and useful for the Master, prepared for every good work.” (2 Timothy 2:21)
So usefulness is biblically meaningful.
The problem begins when we make the next move:
“Your usefulness determines your worth.”
Scripture does not permit that equation.
π Dignity Comes Before Performance
Genesis gives us the foundation before humanity has accomplished much of anything:
“So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him.” (Genesis 1:27)
Human dignity begins with what God made the human creature to be, not with an inventory of what that creature subsequently produces.
This becomes especially clear in Genesis 9.
After the fall, human beings are sinful. Yet God grounds the prohibition against murder in this:
“For in the image of God He made man.” (Genesis 9:6)
Sin has not made the human being into mere biological material.
James makes the same point about fallen people:
“With it we bless our God and Father, and with it we curse men, who have been made in the similitude of God.” (James 3:9)
These aren’t morally perfect people.
They are still God’s image-bearers.
So dignity is not God’s salary for good performance.
πΆ A Baby Makes the Distinction Almost Impossible to Miss
Consider a newborn child.
In strictly productive terms, the baby contributes very little and requires enormous amounts of other people’s resources.
The baby doesn’t earn money.
Doesn’t cook.
Doesn’t clean the house.
Doesn’t understand your schedule.
Keeps everybody awake at ridiculous hours. π
If human worth were proportional to practical usefulness, we would be forced toward the grotesque conclusion that the newborn has very little value.
But our moral intuition protests immediately β and Scripture gives that protest a theological foundation.
The child does not need to become useful before becoming worthy of love and protection.
The child is a human creature.
That’s enough.
Psalm 139 describes God’s involvement with human life in the womb before productive achievement enters the picture at all (Psalm 139:13β16).
π΄ And the Same Principle Works at the Other End of Life
Suppose someone spends decades serving others and eventually becomes unable to do what he once did.
His usefulness in particular roles may genuinely decline.
Perhaps he can no longer work.
Perhaps he cannot teach.
Perhaps eventually he cannot even care for himself.
If dignity and usefulness are identical, something terrifying follows:
As capacity decreases, human worth decreases.
But Scripture doesn’t allow us to calculate people that way.
The command:
“You shall rise before the gray headed and honor the presence of an old man…” (Leviticus 19:32)
moves in almost the opposite direction.
Human beings aren’t machinery whose value expires when productivity declines.
π§ This Also Applies to Ability
Two people may have dramatically different capacities.
One might possess extraordinary intelligence, physical strength, artistic ability, leadership ability, wealth, or influence.
The other may possess very little of those things.
In terms of a particular task, one really may be more useful than the other.
We shouldn’t be afraid to say that.
If I need brain surgery, the neurosurgeon is considerably more useful to me at that moment than the world’s greatest violinist. π
But it would be absurd to conclude:
Therefore the neurosurgeon possesses greater human dignity than the violinist.
Usefulness is often relative to a purpose.
Human dignity isn’t.
That’s the distinction.
βοΈ It Also Explains Why We Must Never Treat People Merely as Tools
Suppose I hire someone because I need something that person can do.
That’s perfectly legitimate.
I am benefiting from his usefulness.
But I cannot therefore say:
“Because I need your labor, I may do anything necessary to extract maximum productivity from you.”
Why not?
Because the worker is not merely labor.
There is a person there.
That’s why biblical law contains protections concerning wages, rest, justice, treatment of servants, the poor, foreigners, and vulnerable people (Deuteronomy 24:14β15, 17β18; Exodus 20:8β10; Leviticus 19:13).
Even when someone serves a function within society, the function does not exhaust the identity of the person performing it.
That distinction is enormous.
π₯ And Now John the Baptist Becomes a Perfect Test Case
This is why I resisted saying that John mattered because he was useful to Jesus.
John certainly was useful to God’s redemptive purpose.
Extraordinarily so.
He was appointed:
“To make ready a people prepared for the Lord.” (Luke 1:17)
And John himself understood his vocation:
“For this purpose I came baptizing with water, that He should be revealed to Israel.” (John 1:31)
So yes:
John had a function.
John had a mission.
John had usefulness.
But now imagine something startling.
Suppose John had died as an infant.
His historical mission would never have been performed.
Would John therefore have possessed no human worth?
Surely not.
His dignity did not suddenly appear the afternoon he preached his first sermon.
And here’s where the distinction becomes especially beautiful.
π John’s Usefulness Could Reach Its Intended End Without John’s Dignity Decreasing
Remember our previous point.
John says:
“He must increase, but I must decrease.” (John 3:30)
Eventually John’s particular preparatory function becomes unnecessary.
The Messiah has arrived.
You don’t keep preparing for someone’s arrival after he is standing in the room. π
John’s usefulness in that particular preparatory role therefore had a historical expiration built into it.
But John himself didn’t expire in value.
This is precisely why distinguishing dignity from usefulness matters.
Otherwise John’s decreasing ministry would imply a decreasing John.
But Jesus says the opposite:
“Among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist.” (Matthew 11:11)
Think about that juxtaposition.
John’s public usefulness is approaching its conclusion while Jesus publicly affirms John’s greatness.
His assignment can end without his person becoming worthless.
β€οΈ God Can Value the Servant Beyond the Service
And this reaches beyond John into something profoundly pastoral.
There is a temptation to imagine our relationship with God transactionally:
God gave me abilities because He needs output from me.
Then eventually:
What happens when I cannot produce anymore?
What if someone else can do my ministry better?
What if my influence disappears?
What if I become old?
What if everything I built continues perfectly well without me?
If usefulness equals dignity, those questions become terrifying.
But Jesus tells His disciples:
“The very hairs of your head are all numbered.” (Matthew 10:30)
And:
“You are of more value than many sparrows.” (Matthew 10:31)
Notice that Jesus doesn’t say:
“You are valuable because you’re productive.”
His Father’s knowledge of them reaches all the way down to something as individually insignificant as their hairs.
πΏ There Is an Even Deeper Theological Reason
God Himself doesn’t need our usefulness.
Paul says:
“Nor is He worshiped with men’s hands, as though He needed anything, since He gives to all life, breath, and all things.” (Acts 17:25)
That verse changes the entire relationship.
God did not create human beings because there was some deficiency in Him that required workers.
He wasn’t lonely because the Trinity lacked communion.
He wasn’t understaffed.
He wasn’t having difficulty running the universe. π
God’s purposes involve our service without arising from His need for our service.
That means when God calls someone to serve, the relationship cannot ultimately be reduced to:
“I need what you can produce for Me.”
Everything we use to serve Him came from Him in the first place (1 Corinthians 4:7; James 1:17).
ποΈ So Dignity and Usefulness Can Be Put Together Like This
I would formulate the distinction more carefully now:
Dignity concerns the worth proper to the human person as a creature made in God’s image.
Usefulness concerns the person’s capacities, actions, and contributions toward particular purposes.
Therefore:
A person’s usefulness can change without his human dignity changing.
A person can be more useful than another for a particular task without being more human than another.
A person can lose a function without losing his worth.
And recognizing dignity doesn’t diminish usefulness. It actually puts usefulness in its proper place.
We are indeed called to be fruitful (John 15:8).
We are created in Christ Jesus “for good works” (Ephesians 2:10).
We are to use our gifts to serve one another (1 Peter 4:10).
We should desire to be “useful for the Master” (2 Timothy 2:21).
But none of those statements means:
“Produce, therefore you matter.”
Biblically, the order runs much closer to:
God made you β God claims you as His creature β God gives gifts β God calls β therefore serve.
Not:
Serve successfully β therefore acquire the right to matter.
And that brings us right back to John.
His voice mattered.
His preaching mattered.
His baptism mattered.
His courage mattered.
His usefulness mattered enormously.
But John was always more than the usefulness of John.
That’s why he could surrender the platform without surrendering himself.
The assignment could decrease.
The man did not thereby become less of a man.